Eliquis: Comprehensive Guide to Dosage, Side Effects, and Cost

Eliquis (apixaban) is an important prescription medication used to reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in patients with certain heart and blood vessel conditions. It is a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) that works by inhibiting specific clotting factors in the blood, thereby preventing harmful clot formation. In this guide, we will discuss what Eliquis is, how it works, common uses, possible side effects, dosage information, and other vital details to help you understand this medication better.

Quick Disclaimer: This article is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or stopping any medication.

What Is Eliquis?

Eliquis, known generically as apixaban, is an anticoagulant medication that helps prevent blood clots from forming in the body. It is commonly prescribed for the following conditions:

• Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): A heart condition that increases the risk of stroke.
• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): A condition where a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
• Pulmonary Embolism (PE): A serious condition where a blood clot travels to the lungs, potentially causing severe complications.
• Prevention of Stroke and Blood Clots in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: For patients with AFib without heart valve issues.

By inhibiting specific clotting factors in the blood, Eliquis reduces the likelihood of forming dangerous blood clots. This makes it an essential medication for people who are at high risk of stroke or clot-related complications.

How Does Eliquis Work?

Eliquis works by inhibiting Factor Xa, an essential enzyme in the blood clotting process. Factor Xa plays a critical role in converting prothrombin into thrombin, which then enables the formation of a clot. By inhibiting this enzyme, Eliquis effectively prevents the formation of thrombin, thereby reducing the risk of clotting.

• Anticoagulant Mechanism: Unlike traditional blood thinners like warfarin, Eliquis offers a more targeted approach, reducing clot formation without affecting other vital processes in the blood.
• Quick Onset: Eliquis works quickly to prevent clot formation, making it highly effective in both acute and long-term treatment.

Common Uses of Eliquis

Eliquis is used primarily to reduce the risk of stroke and blood clots in patients with certain medical conditions. The main uses include:

1. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib):
   • Patients with AFib have an irregular heartbeat, which can lead to the formation of blood clots in the heart. These clots can travel to the brain, causing a stroke. Eliquis helps prevent this by reducing the likelihood of clot formation.
2. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT):
   • DVT occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, typically in the legs. Eliquis prevents these clots from forming and also reduces the risk of them traveling to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.
3. Pulmonary Embolism (PE):
   • A PE is a serious condition where a blood clot breaks loose and travels to the lungs, causing life-threatening complications. Eliquis helps reduce the risk of PE by preventing the formation of blood clots.
4. Post-Surgical Use:
   • After surgeries such as hip or knee replacement, Eliquis can be prescribed to prevent DVT and PE in patients who are at high risk.

Eliquis Dosage and Administration

The dosage of Eliquis depends on the condition being treated and the patient’s health profile. Generally, the starting dose and frequency are as follows:

• For Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): The usual dosage is 5 mg twice a day. However, for patients who are over 80 years old, weigh less than 60 kg, or have kidney problems, the dose may be reduced to 2.5 mg twice a day.
• For DVT or PE: The typical dosage is 10 mg twice a day for the first 7 days, followed by a maintenance dose of 5 mg twice a day.
• For Post-Surgery: For patients undergoing hip or knee replacement, the dose is usually 2.5 mg twice a day, starting within 12-24 hours after surgery.

It’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions on how and when to take Eliquis. It can be taken with or without food, and it’s important to take it at the same time every day for the best results.

Step-by-Step Instructions for Taking Eliquis

1. Take the medication as prescribed:
   • Eliquis is typically taken twice daily, and it’s essential to take it consistently at the same time each day.
2. Do not stop suddenly:
   • Stopping Eliquis abruptly can increase your risk of blood clots. Always consult your healthcare provider before stopping or adjusting your dosage.
3. Avoid missing doses:
   • If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s close to the time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at once.
4. Monitor for side effects:
   • Keep an eye out for any unusual bleeding, bruising, or other side effects. If you notice any issues, contact your doctor immediately.

Side Effects of Eliquis

While Eliquis is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some people. Common and less common side effects include:

Common Side Effects:

• Bleeding: The most common side effect of Eliquis is bleeding. This can include minor bleeding like nosebleeds or more serious bleeding in the stomach or brain.
• Bruising: Some individuals may experience bruising more easily while on Eliquis.

Serious Side Effects:

• Severe Bleeding: In rare cases, Eliquis can cause severe bleeding, which can be life-threatening. This may include internal bleeding or bleeding in the brain.
• Allergic Reactions: Although uncommon, some individuals may have allergic reactions, including swelling, rash, or difficulty breathing.

Less Common Side Effects:

• Anemia: Some people may experience a decrease in red blood cells, leading to fatigue, dizziness, or weakness.

Warnings and Precautions

• Bleeding Risk: Eliquis can increase the risk of bleeding, so it’s crucial to take precautions to avoid injury while on the medication. If you’re undergoing any procedures or surgeries, inform your doctor that you’re taking Eliquis.
• Kidney and Liver Function: If you have kidney or liver problems, your doctor may need to adjust your dosage or monitor you closely.
• Pregnancy: Eliquis should not be used during pregnancy unless absolutely necessary. It is also not recommended for breastfeeding mothers.
• Drug Interactions: Eliquis can interact with certain medications, including other anticoagulants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and some antifungal or antiviral medications. Always inform your healthcare provider of all the medications you are taking.

Eliquis vs. Other Blood Thinners

Eliquis is one of several blood thinners (anticoagulants) available, and each has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. When compared to other common blood thinners like warfarin, Eliquis has the advantage of not requiring regular blood tests to monitor the medication’s effectiveness. Additionally, it has a more predictable effect and fewer dietary restrictions.

• Warfarin: Requires frequent blood tests (INR), dietary restrictions, and can interact with many foods and medications.
• Rivaroxaban (Xarelto): Similar to Eliquis in terms of indications and dosing, but Eliquis may have a more favorable safety profile in certain patients.

Cost and Availability of Eliquis

Eliquis is a prescription-only medication, and its price can vary depending on factors like insurance coverage and location. Without insurance, Eliquis can cost several hundred dollars per month. However, many insurance plans cover the cost, and Eliquis is also available with discount coupons through various programs, including GoodRx and manufacturer-issued coupons.

If cost is a concern, speak with your healthcare provider about alternative options or assistance programs that might be available to you.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Is Eliquis available over the counter?

• No, Eliquis is a prescription medication and can only be obtained with a doctor’s prescription.

Q2: How long does it take for Eliquis to work?

• Eliquis starts working soon after taking it, but it may take a few days to see the full benefits, especially in preventing clot formation.

Q3: Can I drink alcohol while taking Eliquis?

• It is best to avoid excessive alcohol consumption while on Eliquis, as it can increase the risk of bleeding.

Q4: What should I do if I miss a dose?

• If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s close to your next scheduled dose. Never take two doses at once.

Final Thoughts

Eliquis is a highly effective and commonly prescribed anticoagulant that plays a crucial role in preventing dangerous blood clots in people with atrial fibrillation, DVT, PE, and other conditions. With proper usage, it significantly reduces the risk of stroke and other clot-related complications. However, like all medications, it comes with some risks, particularly related to bleeding, so it’s important to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions carefully.

By understanding how Eliquis works, how to take it safely, and its potential side effects, you can make informed decisions about your treatment. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any concerns or questions about taking Eliquis.